Pressure fluid motor



NOV. 30, 1937. E- C;l GART|N 2,100,325

PRESSURE FLUID MOTOR Filed Nov. l, 1934 lla Inl/6712er:

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Patented Nov. 30, 1937 OFFICE PRESSURE FLUID MOTOR Elmer G. Gartin, Claremont, N. H., assigner to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts Application November 1, 1934, Serial No. 751,012

25 Claims.

This invention relates to pressure fluid motors, and more particularly has reference to improvements in the fluid distribution means of a pressure fluid motor of thev reciprocating piston type.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved pressure uid motor. Another object is to provide an improved pressure fluid motor having improved fluid distribution means. Yet another object is to provide an improved fluid distribution means having an improved valve mechanism whereby the flow of pressure fluid to and the exhaust of fluid from the motor cylinder is controlled in improved and more eifective manner. A further object is to provide an improved fluid distributing valve having improved flow passage means and an improved arrangement of passages controlled thereby. These and other objects of the invention will, however, hereinafter more fully appear in the course of the following description and as more particularly pointed out in the appended claims. Y

In the accompanying drawing there is shown for purposes of illustration one form which the invention may assume in practice.

In this drawing,-

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional View taken through the illustrative form of the improved pressure fluid motor.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the moving motor parts in a different position.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional View taken on line 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken on line 5--5 of-Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the improved uid distributing valve.

Fig. '7 is an end elevational view of the distributing valve.

In this illustrative embodiment of the invention there is shown an improved pressure fluid motor of the reciprocating piston type comprising a cylinder l having a bore 2 containing a 45 reciprocatory motor piston 3. This piston has a head tting the bore 2 and an integral forwardly projecting bar portion 5 slidably guided in a bore E in the front motor head 1. ,Formed within the rearward portion of the motor cylinder in alinement with the cylinder bore is an enlarged bore S, and arranged in this bore and abutting a shoulder S surrounding the rear end of the cylinder bore is a valve chest member II), while likewise arranged in the bore 8 and engaging and holding the valve chest member I il in'position against the shoulder 9 is a member I I having a forward guide projection I2. The member II has a central bore I3 through which extends a rod-like memb-er I4, and this member projects in a suitable manner within the motor piston which is made hollow to receive this rod portion. The parts 1, I0 and Il are held in assemblecl relation with respect to the motor cylinder in any appropriate manner. The member I4 is herein a portion of the rotation means for the drill;

Now referring to the improved uid distribution means, it will be noted that formed in the valve chest member l0 is a valve chamber I5 having arranged therein an automatic fluid actuated fluid distributing valve I6 of an improved design, this valve being guided for reciprocatory movement in the valve chamber on the guide projection I2, as hereinafter more fully pointed out. The valve chamber I5 is formed with stepped bores, an enlarged bore I'I and a reduced bore I8, and the fluid distributing valve, which is herein of the sleeve type, has a sleeve-like body I9 fitting the smaller bore I8 and formed at its rearward end with an enlarged flange or spool 2!) ttingthe enlarged bore I'I, and the inside 2| of this valve is slidably guided on the exterior periphery of the cylindrical portion 22 of the guide projection I 2. This guide projection has a shoulder 23 with which the rear end of the distributing valve is engageable for limiting rearward motion of the valve, while the front Wall of the enlarged bore I'I provides a shoulder 24 with which the forward surface of the flange is engageable for limiting forward motion of the valve. Formed in the valve chest member I0 adjacent the forward end thereof is an internal annular groove 25 to which pressure fluid is supplied through a series of longitudinal passages 26 communicating with any suitable pressure uid source. Also formed internally within the valve chest member is an annular groove 2l arranged adjacent the flange 20 of the valve and connected through a series of passages Z8 to exhaust, while arranged in the member IU between the grooves 25 and 21 is an annular groove 29 connected by a passage 30 and port 3| with the forward end of the cylinder bore. The forward end of the valve chamber is connected directly with the rear end of the cylinder bore through a large axial passage 32 herein of the same diameter as the reduced bore I8 of the valve chamber. As above pointed out, the uid distributing valve is of an improved design, and has formed externally on the periphery of the sleeve-like body portion I9 an annular groove 33, while the front end of the sleeve-like body portion of the valve is provided with an inwardly directed annular flange 34, while the guide projection l2 is provided at' its forward end with an external flange 35 adapted to cooperate with the flange 34, as hereinafter pointed out. Formed externally on the guide projection I2 adjacent the flange 35 is an annular groove 36, while formed centrally within the guide projection is an enlarged bore 31 connected at its rear end with the valve chamber through a radial passage 38. The sleeve-like portion I9 oi' the valve is perforated by a series of radial ports 39, while the enlarged flange 20 of the valve is perforated by a radial port 46. Also traversing the valve body and connecting Aan interior groove 4I within the valve with the external groove 33 is a series of radial ports 42. der is provided with a central, piston controlled, free exhaust port 44, while communicating with the cylinder bore through a portV 45 and controlled by the piston is a valve throwing passage 46 communicating with an annular recess 4l formed in the member l I at the rear of the valve.

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, pressure uid may flow through the supply passages 25, annular groove 25, through the valve chamber past the forward surface of the valve body and through the axial passage 32 to the rear end of the cylinder bore, the pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the motor piston to drive the latter forwardly. At this time the forward end of the cylinder bore is connected to exhaust through the central exhaust port 44 and through port 3|, passage 30, groove 29, groove 33, groove 21 and exhaust passages 28. It will be noted that the pressure fluid flowing from the supply groove Z5 through the axial passage 32 to the rear end of the cylinder bore flows not only from the groove 25 past the forward peripheral edge of the valve, but also flows through the series of radial ports 39 through groove 36 and through the space between. the flanges 34' and 35, there being provided by this double flow a large flow area with slight valve movement. As the moto-r piston moves forwardly, the piston head closes the free exhaust port 44, and as the rear edge of the piston head overruns the port 45 pressure fluid is supplied from the rear end of the cylinder bore through the throw passage 4.6 to the recess 41 at the rear of the valve, the pressure fluid in this recess acting on the rear pressure area of thev enlarged valve flange 26 aided by the pressure acting on the differential pressure area at the rearward side ofthe valve flange 34 to throw the valve forwardly from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2. This action, if not completed prior to the uncovering of port 44 by the rear face of the piston, would be augmented by the lowering of the p-ressure on the forward face of I 9. When said valve is in its front position the sleeve-like body of the valve enters the axial passage 32 to out off communication of the valve chamber with the rear end of the cylinder bore, the internal flange 34 on the valve cooperating at that time with the flange 35 to cut off the groove 36 from the passage 32. The valve is held in this forward position by the pressure acting on the rearward surface of the valve flange 34. Upon forward movement of the motor piston slightly beyond the point of uncovering 45, it will be noted that the rear edge of the piston head overruns the exhaust port 44, thereby con- The motor cylinnecting the rear end of the cylinder bore to eX- haust.

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2, pressure uid flows through the supply passages 26, annular groove 25, through the groove 433, groove 29, passage 3!! and port 3l to the forward end of the cylinder bore. The pressure fluid flows not only past the exterior surface of the valve, but also flows through the series of radial ports 39, groove 36, through groove 4l, the series of radial ports 42 and groove 33 to the groove 29, there being provided a double ilow past the exterior and interior surfaces of the valve body, this double flow providing free flow of pressure fluid with slight valve movement. At this time the rear end of the cylinder bore is further connected to exhaust through the bore 31, passage 38, passage 40 in the valve, groove 2l and exhaust passage 28. At this same time the pressureV in the recess 41 at the rear of the valve is connected to exhaust through passages 46, 45 and free exhaust port 44. The vpressure fluid flowing through passage 30 and port 3| to the forwardv end of the cylinder bore acts on the forward pressure area of the motor piston to drive the latter rearwardly. As the motor piston moves rearwardly the forward edge of the piston head overruns the free exhaust port 44, thereby connecting the forward end of the cylinder bore to exhaust, and as rearward movement of the motor piston continues, the pressure fluid largely trapped within the rear end of the cylinder bore is compressed, this compression pressure acting on the front pressure area of the valve body to throw the valve rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. l. This result is delayed, and high speed of rearward movement promoted, by the venting through 31, 38, 49, 21 and 28. When again thrown rearwardly the valve I5 is held in its rearward position by the pressure fluid flowing past the forward pressure area ofthe valve body. In regard to the forward throwing movement of the valve, it will be noted that as the pressure fluid flows from the groove 25.through the axial passage 32 to the rear end of the cylinder bore, the pressure acting on the rear pressure area of the valve flange 34 is substantially higher, due to fluid flow, than the pressure at the forward side of the valve flange 34 so that when the valve is thrown forwardly the pressure acting on the rear pressure area of the flange 34 aids materially the pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve. It will also be observed that although the valve has a very slight throwing movement, an ample flow area Vis provided due to the double flow past the Yexternal and internal surfaces of the valve. It will also be evident that by the provision of the auxiliary exhaust means supplementing lthe free exhaust port 44 an unimpeded exhaust flow from the motor cylinder is promoted. In the position of the valve during the blow striking passes of the piston, auxiliary exhaust through 28 also is provided. Other uses and advantages of the improved pressure fluid motor will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While. there is in this application specically described one form which the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and iiuid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated iiuid distributing valve movably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore and including passage mea-ns in said valve for providing a double fluid flow past the external and internal surfaces of the valve to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore.

2. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a Valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve-movably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore and including passage means in said valve for connecting the exterior of the valve with the interior thereof to provide a double fluid flow past the external and internal surfaces of the valve to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, said passage means in said valve providing double flow of pressure iiuid from the exterior of the valve past the external and internal surfaces of the valve when said valve is in its position to supply pressure fluid to the front end of the cylinder bore or its position to supply pressure 'fluid to the rear end of the cylinder bore.

3. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and iiuid distribution means for effecting reciprocaticn of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having an enlarged flange fitting the larger bore and a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fiuid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, the sleeve-like portion of the valve body being traversed by a series of radial passages through which pressure iiuid flows to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore.

4. In a pressure iiuid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having an enlarged flange fitting the larger bore and a sleeve-like body portion iitting the smaller bore, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure liuid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, the sleevelike portion of the valve body being traversed by a series of radial passages through which pressure fluid iiows to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, said vaive being provided with passage means including said series of radial passages for obtaining double flow of pressure fluid past the external and internal surfaces of the sleeve-like body portion of the valve.

5. In pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve charnber and having an enlarged flange iitting the larger bore and a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure iiuid to the pposite ends of the cylinder bore, the sleevelike portion of the valve body being traversed by a series of radial passages through which pressure fluid fiows to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, said valve being provided with passage means including said series of radial passages for obtaining double flow of pressure fluid past the external and internal surfaces of the sleeve-like body portion of the valve, and passage means controlled by the valve for connecting the opposite ends of the cylinder bore to exhaust.

6. In a pressure iiuid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for eiiecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having a rear annular flange fitting the larger bore and a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, the forward end of the valve chamber communicating directly with the rear end of the cylinder bore through a large axial passage, a passage communicating with the valve chamber for connecting the valve chamber with the forward end of the cylinder bore, a fluid supply source communicating with the valve chamber, said valve in its different positions controlling the iiow of pressure iiuid from said fluid supply source through said passages to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, said valve being traversed by passage means through which pressure liuid- `iiows through said passages to the opposite ends of said cylinder bore.

7.l In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for eiiecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a uid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having a rear annular flange fitting the larger bore and a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, the forward end of the valve chamber communicating directly with the rear end of the cylinder bore through a large axial passage, a passage communicating with the valve chamber for connecting the valve chamber with the forward end of the cylinder bore, a fluid supply source communicating with the valve chamber, said valve in its different positions controlling the flow of pressure iiuid from said fluid supply source through said passages to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, said valve being traversed by passage means through which pressure fluid iiows through said passages to the opposite ends of said cylinder bore, and passage means including a passage formed in said valve for venting the opposite ends of the cylinder bore to atmosphere.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having a rear pressure area, said valve formed at its rear end' with an enlarged radial flange fitting the larger bore and a forwardly projecting sleevelike body portion fitting the smaller bore, said valve having formed internally thereon at its forward end an annular flange and adjacent said end traversed by a series of radial passages, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure iluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, th-e pressure iluid flowing through said series or" radial passages to said passage means in either position ofsaid valve, and means for throwing said valve embodying means for supplying pressure iluid to the rear pressure area of the valve and to the rear pressure area of the front internal valve flange, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure iluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve aided by the pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the front internal valve flange.

9. In a pressure iluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a member providing a valve chamber having enlarged and reduced bores, a fluid actuated iluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having a rear pressure area, said valve formed at its rear end with an enlarged radial flange iltting the larger bore and a forwardly projecting sleeve-like body portion tting'the smaller bore, said valve having formed internally thereon at its forward end an annular flange and adjacent said end traversed by a series of radial passages, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore, the pressure fluid ilowing through said series of radial passages to said passage means in either position of said valve, and means for throwing said valve embodying means for supplying pressure fluid to the. rear pressure area of the valve and to the rear pressure area of the front internal valve flange, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure fluid acting on the'rear pressure area of the valve aided by the pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the front internal valve flange and the valve being thrown in the opposite direction by compression pressure acting on the front pressure area of the valve body.

l0. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber1 a fluid actuated iluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber, valve having a rearwardly located enlarged external flange and a forwardly project ing sleeveelilse body portion, a groove formed externally cn the sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed internally within the valve body portion, a series of radial ports in the valve body traversing the valve body for connecting the internal groove with the external groove, an internal flange on the front end of the valve body, a second series oi radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal ilange, and passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure fluid flowing through said last name-d series of radial ports, through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder.

ll. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and iluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated lluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber, said valve having a rearwardly located enlarged external ilange and a forwardly projecting sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed externally on the sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed internally within the valve body portion, a series of radial ports in the valve body traversing the valve body for connecting the internal groove with the external groove, an internal flange on, the front end of the valve body, a second series of radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal ilange, and passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure fluid ilowing through said last named series of radial ports, through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder and through said last named series of radial ports and past said internal flange to the opposite end of the cylinder. f

l2. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and iluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a iluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber and having a rear pressure area, said valve having a rearwardly located enlarged external flange and a forwardly projecting sleevelike body portion, a groove formed externally on the sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed internally within the valve body portion, a series of radial ports in the valve body traversing the valve body for connecting the internal groove with the external groove, an internal flange on the front end of the valve body, a second series of radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal flange, passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure iluid flowing through said last named series of radial ports, through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder and through said last named series of radial ports and past said internal flange to the opposite end of the cylinder, and fluid actuated means for throwing said valve into its opposite positions embodying means for supplying pressure fluid to the rear pressure area on the valve and to the l rear pressure area on said internal ilange, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve at the rear of said external flange and the rear pressure area on said internal flange.

13. In a pressure iluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution meansV for eiecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated uid distributing valve f radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal ange, passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure fluid flowing through said last named series of radial ports, through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder and through said last named series of radial ports and past said internal ange to the opposite end of the cylinder, and uid actuated means for throwing said valve into its opposite positions embodying means for supplying pressure fluid to the rear pressure area on the valve and to the rear pressure area von said internal flange, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve at the rear of said external ange and the rear pressure area on said internal ange and said valve being thrown in the opposite directionf by pressure fluid acting on the front pressure area of the valve.

14. In a pressure uid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a Valve chamber, a uid actuated fluid distributing Valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber, said Valve having a rearwardly located enlarged external flange and a forwardly projecting sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed externally on the sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed internally within the Valve body portion, a series of radial ports in the valve body traversing the valve body for connecting the internal groove with the external groove, an internal flange on the front end of the valve body, a second series of radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal flange, passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the Vopposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure fluid flowing through said last named series of radial ports through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder and through said last named series of radial ports and past said internal ilange to the opposite end of the cylinder, and fluid actuated means for throwing said valve into its opposite positions, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve at the rear of said external flange and the rear pressure area on said internal flange and said valve being thrown in the opposite direction by pressure fluid acting on the front pressure area of the valve, said valve throwing means including a passage controlled by the lpiston for supplying pressure fluid to said rear pressure area at the rear of said external flange.

15. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve of the sleeve type reciprocable in said valve chamber, said valve having a rearwardly located enlarged external flange and a forwardly projecting sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed externally on the sleeve-like body portion, a groove formed internally within the valve body portion, a series of radial ports in the valve body traversing the valve body for connecting the internal groove with the external groove, an internal flange on the front end of the valve body, a second series of radial ports traversing the valve body adjacent to and at the rear of said internal flange, passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure iluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, the pressure fluid ilowing through said last named series of radial ports through said internal groove, said first named series of radial ports and said external groove to one end of the cylinder and through said last named series of radial ports and past said internal ilange to the opposite end of the cylinder, and fluid actuated means for throwing said valve into its opposite positions, said valve being thrown in one direction by pressure fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the valve at the rear of said external flange and the rear pressure area on said internal flange, said valve throwing means including a passage controlled by the piston for supplying pressure fluid to said rear pressure area at the rear of said external flange, and said valve being thrown in the opposite direction by compression pressure built up in the rear end of the cylinder by the piston and acting on the front pressure area of the valve. Y 16. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder hav ing a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, said cylinder having an exhaust port covered and uncovered by the piston for exhausting fluid from the opposite ends of said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of' said piston including a distributing valve thrown in opposite directions respectively by cylinder pressure and by compression pressure, passages controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, and means for delaying the effectiveness of the compression throwing pressure including means distinct from said supply passages for discharging pressure effective after exhaust through said exhaust port is interrupted and closed by movement of said valve in response to compression pressure. Y

17. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, said cylinder having an exhaust port covered and uncovered by the piston for exhausting fluid from the opposite ends of said cylinder, and iluid dis-y tribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a distributing valve thrown in opposite directions respectively by cylinder pressure and by compression pressure, passages controlled by said valve for supplying pressure iluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, and means for delaying the effectiveness of the compression throwing pressure including means distinct from said supply passages for discharging pressure effective after exhaust through said exhaust port is interrupted and closed by movement of said valve in response to compression pressure and including an exhaust passage within said valve.

18. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, said cylinder having an exhaust port covered and uncovered by the piston for exhausting fluid from the opposite ends of said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a tubular distributing valve thrown in opposite directions respectively by cylinder pressure and by compression pressure, passages controlled by said Valve for supplying pressure iluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, and means for delaying the eiTectiveness of the compression throwing pressure including Vthe opposite ends of said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a tubular distributing valve thrown in opposite directions respectively by cylinder pressure and by compression pressure, passages controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, and means for delaying the effectiveness of the compression throwing pressure including means distinct from said supply passages for discharging pressure effective after exhaust through said exhaust port is interrupted and closed by movement of said valve in response to compression pressure and including an exhaust passage Within lthe bore of said ,valve and a radial passage through said valve. Y

20. Inl a pressure iiuid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, said cylinder having an exhaust port covered and un- `covered by the piston for exhausting fluid. from the opposite ends of said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a distributing valve thrown in opposite directions respectively by cylinder ,pressure and by compression pressure, passages controlled by said valve for supplying pressure liiuid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, and means distinct from said supply passages for providing an auxiliary exhaust for both ends of the cylinder after exhaust through the said exhaust port is interrupted.

V21. InY a pressure iluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated iiuid distributing valve movably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fluid from said valve chamber externally of the valve and through said passage `means internally past said valve to 'provide a double fluid iiovv past said valve to both ends of said cylinder.

22. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder havring a bore, a piston reciprocable therein,` and `uid distribution means for eiecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated uid distributing valve of the hollow sleeve type reciprocably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying eresy of said Valve to provide a double iiuid iicw to both ends of said cylinder, said valve embodying means whereby the pressure iluid, upon fluid flow to the cylinder ends, iioWs always from the exterior of the valve-to the interior thereof.

23. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a iiuid actuated fluid distributing valve movably mounted in said valve chamber and having a pressure area adapted to be subjected directly to the action of pressure fluid for moving said valve in one direction, and passage means controlled by said valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder bore and including passage means in said valve for providing a double fluid oW past the external surface of the valve and through said passage means past the internal surface of said valve to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore.

24. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for eiecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated iiuid distributing valve movably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by said'valve for supplying pressure iiuid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore for providing a double iuid flow past the external and internal surfaces of the valve to either end of the cylinder bore and including common passages in said valve through which pressure duid iiows internally of said valve to both ends of the cylinder bore.

25. In a pressure uid motor, a cylinder having a bore, a piston reciprocable therein, and iiuid distribution means for eiecting reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a valve chamber, a fluid actuated fluid distributing valve movably mounted in said valve chamber, and passage means controlled by the valve for supplying pressure fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder bore and including passage means in said valve for providing a double fluid flow past the external and internal surfaces of the valve, said passage means m said valve providing double flow of pressure fluid past the external and internal surfaces of the valve when said valve is in either its position to supply pressure fluid to the front end of the cylinder bore or its position to supply pressure uid to the rear end of the cylinder bore, said passage means in said valve being common tothe iioW of pressure uid internally ofthe valve to both ends of said cylinder bore. l

ELMER G. GARTIN. 

